Is Costa Rica Dangerous to Travel? A Comprehensive Safety Guide for Tourists

Costa Rica, renowned for its lush rainforests, stunning beaches, and abundant wildlife, attracts millions of tourists each year. However, like any travel destination, safety is a crucial consideration. If you’re planning a trip to “the Rich Coast,” you’re likely asking: Is It Dangerous To Travel To Costa Rica? The answer is nuanced. While Costa Rica is generally considered safe for tourists, exercising caution and being aware of potential risks is essential for a smooth and secure trip. This guide provides a detailed overview of safety concerns in Costa Rica to help you make informed decisions and travel with confidence.

Understanding the Risk Level in Costa Rica

Travel advisories often recommend exercising a high degree of caution in Costa Rica due to crime. This doesn’t mean Costa Rica is inherently dangerous, but rather that petty and violent crime do occur, and tourists can be targets. Understanding the specific types of risks and how to mitigate them is key to staying safe.

Safety and Security: Key Concerns for Tourists

Petty Crime: A Common Nuisance

Petty theft, including pickpocketing and purse snatching, is the most common crime affecting tourists in Costa Rica. Tourists are often perceived as being wealthy and less vigilant, making them attractive targets. Property crime, such as burglaries, car theft, and theft from cars, is also prevalent. Passport theft is particularly frequent, especially during peak tourist seasons (November to May and July to August).

Thieves often operate in teams, using distraction techniques to steal belongings. Be especially vigilant in:

Popular Tourist Areas and Viewpoints: Crowds and distractions are opportunities for thieves.
Public Transportation: Buses, trains, stations, and airport terminals are hotspots for theft.
Hotel Lobbies and Restaurants: Even seemingly secure places can be targets.
Street-Side Patios: Easy access from the street makes these locations vulnerable.

How to Protect Yourself from Petty Crime:

Secure Your Belongings: Keep passports and travel documents secure at all times, consider using a money belt or concealed pouch.
Carry Passport and Entry Stamp: Always carry your passport with the Costa Rican entry stamp as proof of legal entry.
Avoid Displays of Wealth: Refrain from wearing expensive jewelry or flashing large amounts of cash.
Limit Cash and Valuables: Only carry necessary cash and leave unnecessary valuables at your accommodation.
Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Pay attention to your surroundings, especially in crowded tourist areas.
Avoid Isolated Areas and Night Walks: Stick to well-lit, populated areas, particularly at night.
Exercise ATM Caution: Be extra vigilant when using ATMs, especially in public areas.

Specific High-Risk Areas for Theft

Certain areas in Costa Rica experience higher rates of theft. Being aware of these locations can help you take extra precautions.

San José:

Coca-Cola Bus Terminal Area: Known for high levels of criminal activity.
Inner Downtown Area: Particularly between San Juan de Dios Hospital, the National Museum, Avenida 1, and Avenida 14.
Mercado Central Areas: Crowded markets are prime locations for pickpockets.
Public Parks: Be cautious in parks, especially after dark.

Pacific Coast (Puntarenas Province):

Dominical, Jacó, Quepos, Cóbano Area: Popular beach towns experiencing theft issues.
Manuel Antonio National Park: Even natural paradises are not immune to crime.
Crocodile Viewing Area along Tárcoles River (Jacó): A known spot for theft.
Small Seaside Towns (Mal País, Montezuma, Santa Teresa): Increasing popularity has brought increased petty crime.
Port of Puntarenas: Ports are often areas with higher crime rates.

Caribbean Coast:

Cahuita, Puerto Limón, Puerto Viejo: These Caribbean coastal towns have reported higher instances of theft, and in some cases, violent crime.

Residential Break-ins: Securing Your Accommodation

Break-ins can occur in residential areas, targeting rental properties and homes owned by foreigners.

Safety Tips for Accommodations:

Choose Secure Accommodation: Opt for well-secured hotels or rentals with good security measures.
Lock Doors and Windows: Always lock doors and windows, especially at night and when leaving your accommodation.

Car Theft: Protecting Your Vehicle

Car break-ins and theft are widespread in Costa Rica, with rental and luxury vehicles being particularly targeted.

Common Locations for Car Theft:

Hotel Parking Lots, Supermarkets, Restaurants, Store Lots: Parking areas are vulnerable.
National Parks and Beaches: Remote parking areas can be risky.

Driving Safety Tips:

Plan Your Route: Familiarize yourself with your route before driving.
Keep Doors and Windows Locked: Always keep doors and windows locked while driving.
Keep Belongings Out of Sight: Store valuables out of sight, preferably in the trunk before arriving at your destination.
Use Secure Parking: Utilize secure, guarded parking facilities, especially overnight.
Never Leave Valuables Unattended in Vehicles: Even locked in the trunk, valuables are at risk.
Be Cautious Changing Tires: Avoid changing tires in isolated areas and be wary of unsolicited help.
Ensure Rental Car Insurance and Emergency Assistance: Confirm your rental agency provides adequate insurance and emergency support.

Violent Crime: A Less Frequent but Serious Threat

While less common than petty crime, violent crime, including armed robberies and even murders, does occur in Costa Rica. Drug trafficking is a contributing factor to violent crime, with provinces like Alajuela, Limón, Puntarenas, and San José being most affected.

Caribbean Coast Violent Crime:

While infrequent, violent assaults against travelers have been reported on the Caribbean coast, particularly in Puerto Limón and Puerto Viejo.

If Confronted by Violence:

Do Not Resist: If threatened, hand over cash and valuables immediately without resistance. Your safety is paramount.

Fraud: Credit Card and ATM Risks

Credit card and ATM fraud are concerns in Costa Rica.

Protecting Yourself from Fraud:

Be Vigilant with Card Handling: Pay close attention when your cards are being handled by others.
Use Secure ATMs: Use ATMs in well-lit public areas or inside banks or businesses.
Inspect Card Readers: Avoid card readers that appear irregular or unusual.
Shield the Keypad: Cover the keypad when entering your PIN.
Monitor Account Statements: Regularly check your bank account statements for unauthorized transactions.

Spiked Food and Drinks: Stay Alert

Be aware that snacks, beverages, gum, and cigarettes can be spiked with drugs, potentially leading to sexual assault or robbery.

Prevention Tips:

Be Wary of New Acquaintances: Be cautious accepting items from people you’ve just met.
Never Leave Food or Drinks Unattended: Keep your food and drinks in your sight at all times.

Unregulated Alcohol: Health Hazard

Consumption of unregulated or adulterated alcohol containing dangerous levels of methanol has resulted in casualties in Costa Rica.

Safe Alcohol Consumption:

Buy from Reputable Establishments: Purchase alcohol only from well-known and reputable bars and stores.
Seek Medical Help if Sick: If you feel unwell after consuming alcohol, seek immediate medical assistance.

Women’s Safety: Specific Concerns

Women traveling alone may experience harassment or verbal abuse. Sexual assault against foreign women has occurred at beach resorts and by taxi drivers in San José.

Safety Tips for Women Travelers:

Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Trust your instincts and be mindful of your environment.
Avoid Traveling Alone at Night: If possible, travel with companions, especially after dark.
Use Reputable Transportation: Utilize official taxis or ride-sharing services booked through reliable apps.
Share Your Itinerary: Let someone know your travel plans and whereabouts.

Other Safety Considerations

Demonstrations: Avoid Political Activity

Demonstrations can occur, particularly in San José, and can become violent or disrupt traffic. Costa Rican law prohibits political activity by foreigners.

Safety During Demonstrations:

Avoid Demonstration Areas: Stay away from areas where demonstrations or large gatherings are taking place.
Follow Local Authority Instructions: Heed the advice and instructions of local authorities.
Monitor Local Media: Stay informed about any ongoing demonstrations through local news.

Water Activities: Coastal Dangers

Coastal waters in Costa Rica can be dangerous due to strong riptides. Drownings occur each year. Lifeguard supervision and warning signs are limited on many beaches.

Water Safety Tips:

Exercise Caution Swimming: Be extremely careful when swimming in the ocean.
Don’t Swim Alone or After Hours: Swim with a buddy, during daylight hours, and in marked areas if available.
Consult Locals and Tour Operators: Seek advice from residents and tour operators about safe swimming areas and potential hazards.
Monitor Weather Warnings: Be aware of weather conditions and warnings.
Follow Local Authority Instructions: Obey any instructions or warnings from local authorities.

Adventure Tourism: Prepare and Be Informed

Adventure activities like white-water rafting, scuba diving, and zip-lining carry inherent risks if not approached with caution. Trails may be unmarked, and weather can change rapidly. Safety standards for smaller boats may be unreliable. Dangerous wildlife, including jaguars and venomous snakes, exists in wooded areas.

Adventure Tourism Safety:

Never Go Alone: Always participate in adventure activities with a group or guide.
Get Detailed Information: Obtain thorough information about the activity and environment beforehand.
Buy Comprehensive Travel Insurance: Ensure your insurance covers helicopter rescue and medical evacuation.
Assess Your Physical Condition: Be sure you are physically fit enough for the planned activity.
Stay on Marked Trails: Avoid straying from marked trails when hiking.
Avoid Beach Camping: Do not camp or sleep overnight on beaches due to potential dangers.
Be Adequately Equipped: Bring sufficient water and proper equipment.
Stay Informed on Weather: Monitor weather conditions and forecasts.
Know Altitude Sickness Symptoms: If in high-altitude areas, be aware of altitude sickness.
Inform Someone of Your Itinerary: Let a friend or family member know your plans.
Assess Equipment Safety: Refrain from using equipment if you have any doubts about its safety.

Road Safety and Public Transportation

Road conditions and driving habits in Costa Rica can be challenging. Costa Rica has a high traffic accident rate.

Road Conditions:

Poor Road Quality: Many roads are unpaved or poorly maintained with potholes and sharp curves.
Hazardous Driving Conditions: Rainy season (May to November) increases risks due to landslides and poor visibility.
Lack of Signage: Traffic signs may be lacking or unclear.

Driving Habits:

Disregard for Traffic Laws: Some drivers do not respect traffic laws.
Driving Without Lights at Night: Motorists may drive without lights at night.

Driving Safety Tips:

Be Vigilant: Remain alert at traffic lights and stop signs.
Keep Doors Locked and Windows Closed: Always keep your vehicle secured.
Keep Valuables Out of Sight: Conceal valuables to deter theft.
Avoid Night Driving: Driving at night increases risks due to poor visibility and road conditions.

Public Transportation Safety:

Buses Unreliable: Public buses can be unreliable with inaccurate schedules and routes.
Pickpocketing on Buses: Tourists are often targeted by pickpockets on public buses.
Police Checks: Police may conduct checks on public transportation to verify visa status.

Public Transportation Tips:

Keep Valuables With You: Keep IDs and valuables on your person, not in overhead compartments.
Stay Awake: Avoid sleeping on public buses to remain vigilant.
Carry Proof of Legal Stay: Always carry your passport and entry stamp as proof of legal status.

Taxis:

Official Taxis Safer: Official taxis (orange at airport, red with yellow triangle elsewhere) are generally safer.
Book Official Taxis: Use official taxis booked in advance rather than hailing on the street or from taxi stands.
Note Driver and Plate Number: Take note of the driver’s information.
Ensure Meter Use: Make sure the driver uses the meter.
Avoid Shared Taxis: Do not use shared or informal taxis.

Health and Medical Considerations

Costa Rica generally has good healthcare, especially in private facilities. However, it’s important to be prepared for potential health risks.

Health Risks and Precautions

Vaccinations: Ensure routine vaccinations are up-to-date. Hepatitis A and B vaccinations are recommended. Discuss other vaccines like Typhoid, Rabies, and Yellow Fever with your doctor, although Yellow Fever vaccination is generally not recommended unless coming from specific countries.
Malaria: Malaria risk exists in some areas. Consult your doctor about antimalarial medication and take mosquito bite prevention measures.
Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya: These mosquito-borne illnesses are present. Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times.
Traveler’s Diarrhea: Practice safe food and water precautions. Carry oral rehydration salts.
Rabies: Rabies is present in animals. Avoid contact with stray animals. Seek medical attention if bitten.
COVID-19 and Flu: Stay updated on COVID-19 guidelines and vaccinations. Consider flu vaccination. Practice good hygiene.

Medical Facilities and Insurance

Good Healthcare: Costa Rica has good healthcare, with excellent private facilities, mainly in San José. Public hospitals are also good but may have longer wait times.
Payment: Private facilities often require upfront payment.
Medical Evacuation: Medical evacuation can be expensive. Ensure your travel insurance covers medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Medications

Medication Availability: Some prescription medications may not be available in Costa Rica.
Bring Sufficient Medication: Bring enough of your prescription medications for your trip in original containers.
Carry Prescriptions: Carry both paper and electronic copies of your prescriptions.

Laws and Cultural Norms

Respecting local laws and customs is crucial for a trouble-free trip.

Legal Considerations

Drug Laws: Penalties for drug offenses are severe. Avoid any involvement with illegal drugs.
Child Sex Tourism: Sex with minors is a serious crime with harsh penalties.
Identification: Carry valid ID (passport) at all times.
Photography: It’s illegal to photograph official buildings. Check before taking photos in sensitive areas.
Driving Laws: Drive with a valid license and passport. Be aware of traffic laws and potential fines.

Cultural Norms

Respect Local Customs: Be respectful of Costa Rican culture and traditions.
Language: Spanish is the official language. Learning basic Spanish phrases will be helpful.

Natural Disasters

Costa Rica is prone to natural disasters.

Hurricane and Rainy Season

Hurricane Season: Hurricanes are possible from mid-May to November.
Rainy Season: May to November (sometimes into January) brings heavy rains, flooding, and landslides, especially in lowlands and mountains.

Safety During Hurricane/Rainy Season:

Be Prepared to Change Plans: Be ready to alter travel plans on short notice.
Stay Informed: Monitor weather forecasts.
Emergency Contacts: Have emergency contact information for airlines and tour operators.
Follow Local Advice: Heed the advice of local authorities.

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Seismic Activity: Costa Rica is in an active seismic zone; earthquakes and tremors are common. Tsunamis are possible after earthquakes.
Volcanoes: Several active and potentially active volcanoes exist. Eruptions can occur with little warning.

Safety During Earthquakes/Volcanoes:

Tsunami Plans: If on the coast, know tsunami evacuation plans.
Volcano Warnings: Pay attention to warnings in national parks and monitor local media.
Follow Evacuation Orders: Obey evacuation orders from local authorities.

Conclusion: Is Costa Rica Travel Safe?

Costa Rica is a generally safe and incredibly rewarding travel destination. While it’s not without risks, particularly petty crime, by being informed, vigilant, and taking necessary precautions, you can significantly minimize these risks. Understanding the potential dangers, respecting local laws and customs, and being prepared for natural events will contribute to a safe and enjoyable experience in this beautiful country. So, is it dangerous to travel to Costa Rica? Not necessarily, if you travel smart. Enjoy the “Pura Vida” with peace of mind by prioritizing your safety and security.